Budget 2018-19 from point of view of Scheduled Castes [scs] and Scheduled Tribes [sts]
Highlights......
History of neglect and casualness in respect of SCs and STs over the last many years across different Governments continues in the Budget 2018-19.
The goal of liberating the SCs and STs from their basic vulnerabilities has not been kept in view in this Budget as in the previous Budgets of different Governments.
The goal of Equality, which is the Constitutional right of SCs and STs, i.e., enabling SCs and STs to reach the level of Equality, i.e., Equality with Socially Advanced Castes (SACs), i.e, non-SC, non-ST, non-SEdBC castes (NSCTBCs) in all parameters of development, welfare and life, has been neglected in this Budget as in the past Budgets across different Governments; though it is the Constitutionally-mandated duty of the State to promote Equality as above.
Schemes of importance for the liberation of SCs and STs from their vulnerabilities such as a massive national programme of distribution of Government and Bhoodan lands to every rural SC family and, along with them, to ST and other rural landless agricultural labour families, through a centrally-funded Task Force for every Tehsil/Taluq/Mandal of the country with Group Minor Irrigation for all lands of the SCs and STs, have not found place in this Budget also, despite its centrality for SCs and STs and despite its manifold and far-reaching cascading beneficial effects for the country’s economy and society which I have repeatedly pointed out to successive Governments including the present Government, and despite the President of India’s solemn commitment to the nation in his Address to the joint session of the Parliament in 2004.
The provision of Ekalavya school in every Block where tribals constitute majority population and which have not less than 20,000 tribal residents is welcome for the educational advancement of STs – the outlay for this is not found in the Budget and needs to be provided. But the provision of a scheme of residential schools, one for SC boys and one for SC girls, in each Block of the country, as recommended by the Group of Ministers on Dalit Affairs under the Chairmanship of Shri Pranab Mukherjee in 2008, has been again ignored.
Other schemes for educational equalization of SCs and STs ignored.
Arrears of Post-Matric Scholarships to the tune of Rs. 11000 Crores, as I have pointed out to the Finance Minister vide my e-letter to him dated 9.9.2016 and in my pre-Budget letter to the Finance Minister dated 31.12.2017, has not been provided for either in the RE 2017-18 or in the BE 2018-19.
Such accumulation of arrears is contrary to the basic feature of this scheme, that is “open-ended”, which means whatever amounts are required for any number of SC and ST Post-Matric students shall be released in time and formalized in the subsequent RE. Breach of this condition and accumulation of arrears has resulted in a large number of SC and ST students being forced out of the institutions for non-payment of fees.
Measures for prevention of loss of tribal lands and restoration to STs of lands previously lost continue to be missing.
Gross deficit continues in the provision of adequate allocations, not less than the population-proportion of SCs and STs, for SCP and TsP, essential for securing the objectives mentioned above and schemes such as those mentioned above.
Correct methodology of provision of SCP/allocations for SCs and TsP/allocations for STs continues to be evaded, viz., setting apart the share of SCs and STs as an untied corpus and undertaking within this corpus such schemes which will enable the SCs, STs to reach the level of Equality as explained above and be liberated from their basic vulnerabilities.
Out of the total Budgetary outlay for 2018-19, the outlay for Central Sector Schemes and Centrally Sponsored Schemes is Rs 1014450.79 Crores. Out of this,
the outlay for SCP/allocations for welfare of SCs at not less than 16.6% ought to be not leas than Rs 168398.83 crores, but only Rs 56618.50 crores (5.58% instead of 16.6%) has been provided; and
the outlay for TsP/allocations for welfare of STs at not less than 8.6% ought to be not less than Rs 87247.77 crores, but only Rs 39134.73 crores (3.86% instead of 8.6%) has been provided.
Compared to the requirements at 16.6% and 8.6% respectively, there is shortfall of Rs 111780.33 Crores in the outlay for SCP/allocations for welfare of SCs and of Rs 48108.04 Crores in the outlay for TsP/allocations for welfare of STs, as can be seen in the following Table:-
Shortfall in SCP/Allocation for SCs and TsP/Allocation for STs in Central Sector Schemes + Centrally Sponsored Schemes in Budget 2018-19
Total outlay for Central Sector Schemes + Centrally Sponsored Schemes (Rs Crores) Allocations ought to have been made at not less than 16.6% for SCP and not less than 8.6% for TsP (Rs Crores) Allocations made
(Rs Crores)
Shortfall
(Rs crores)
1014450.79 SCP Not less than 168398.83 (16.6%) 56618.50
(only 5.58%) 111780.33
TSP Not less than 87242.77 (8.6%) 39134.73
(only 3.86%) 48108.04
Even these provisions for SCP/TsP do not follow the correct methodology of including in SCP/TsP only outlays for schemes/programmes which exclusively benefit SC and ST individuals, families, households, habitations and institutions etc. and which will enable them to reach Equality as explained above and be liberated from their basic vulnerabilities, and instead is a result of arithmetical-statistical jugglery as in the past.
Print and electronic media, with their focus on matters like personal income tax and return of long-term capital gains, have ignored these vital aspects of the Budget pertaining to the SCs and STs; such stray and casual remarks as some of them have made are superficial and misleading.
My detailed Paper elaborating these points and also continuing neglect of Socially and Educationally Backward Classes will follow shortly.
[My comments are only about the aspects of the Budget as they directly concern SCs and STs and do not deal with other aspects of the Budget]
03. 02. 2018
P. S. Krishnan
P. S. Krishnan, IAS (Retd)
Former Secretary to Govt. of India
Ministry of Welfare;
Member, National Monitoring Committee for
Education of SCs, STs and Persons with Disabilities,
Government of India.
Formerly,
Member, National Commission for SCs and STs
Special Commissioner for SCs and STs
Member-Secretary, National Commission for Backward Classes
Member, Expert Committee on Backward Classes
Chairman, Dr. Ambedkar Foundation Research Cell
Member, Working Group for Sanitation and Leather Workers
Advisor, Ministry of Human Resources Development, Govt. of India
Advisor (BC Welfare) with Cabinet Minister Status to
Government of Andhra Pradesh
Advisor (BC Welfare) with Cabinet Minister Status to Government of Telangana
Chairman, Sub-Group on “Perspective Planning for Development of SCs” of the Planning Commission’s Working Group on SCs in the XII Plan;
Member, Planning Comm’s Working Group on Empowerment of Scheduled Castes in XII Plan;
Member, Planning Comm’s Steering Committee on Empowerment of SCs, BCs,
Nomadic & Semi-Nomadic Tribes and VJs in XII Plan.
................................
Highlights......
History of neglect and casualness in respect of SCs and STs over the last many years across different Governments continues in the Budget 2018-19.
The goal of liberating the SCs and STs from their basic vulnerabilities has not been kept in view in this Budget as in the previous Budgets of different Governments.
The goal of Equality, which is the Constitutional right of SCs and STs, i.e., enabling SCs and STs to reach the level of Equality, i.e., Equality with Socially Advanced Castes (SACs), i.e, non-SC, non-ST, non-SEdBC castes (NSCTBCs) in all parameters of development, welfare and life, has been neglected in this Budget as in the past Budgets across different Governments; though it is the Constitutionally-mandated duty of the State to promote Equality as above.
Schemes of importance for the liberation of SCs and STs from their vulnerabilities such as a massive national programme of distribution of Government and Bhoodan lands to every rural SC family and, along with them, to ST and other rural landless agricultural labour families, through a centrally-funded Task Force for every Tehsil/Taluq/Mandal of the country with Group Minor Irrigation for all lands of the SCs and STs, have not found place in this Budget also, despite its centrality for SCs and STs and despite its manifold and far-reaching cascading beneficial effects for the country’s economy and society which I have repeatedly pointed out to successive Governments including the present Government, and despite the President of India’s solemn commitment to the nation in his Address to the joint session of the Parliament in 2004.
The provision of Ekalavya school in every Block where tribals constitute majority population and which have not less than 20,000 tribal residents is welcome for the educational advancement of STs – the outlay for this is not found in the Budget and needs to be provided. But the provision of a scheme of residential schools, one for SC boys and one for SC girls, in each Block of the country, as recommended by the Group of Ministers on Dalit Affairs under the Chairmanship of Shri Pranab Mukherjee in 2008, has been again ignored.
Other schemes for educational equalization of SCs and STs ignored.
Arrears of Post-Matric Scholarships to the tune of Rs. 11000 Crores, as I have pointed out to the Finance Minister vide my e-letter to him dated 9.9.2016 and in my pre-Budget letter to the Finance Minister dated 31.12.2017, has not been provided for either in the RE 2017-18 or in the BE 2018-19.
Such accumulation of arrears is contrary to the basic feature of this scheme, that is “open-ended”, which means whatever amounts are required for any number of SC and ST Post-Matric students shall be released in time and formalized in the subsequent RE. Breach of this condition and accumulation of arrears has resulted in a large number of SC and ST students being forced out of the institutions for non-payment of fees.
Measures for prevention of loss of tribal lands and restoration to STs of lands previously lost continue to be missing.
Gross deficit continues in the provision of adequate allocations, not less than the population-proportion of SCs and STs, for SCP and TsP, essential for securing the objectives mentioned above and schemes such as those mentioned above.
Correct methodology of provision of SCP/allocations for SCs and TsP/allocations for STs continues to be evaded, viz., setting apart the share of SCs and STs as an untied corpus and undertaking within this corpus such schemes which will enable the SCs, STs to reach the level of Equality as explained above and be liberated from their basic vulnerabilities.
Out of the total Budgetary outlay for 2018-19, the outlay for Central Sector Schemes and Centrally Sponsored Schemes is Rs 1014450.79 Crores. Out of this,
the outlay for SCP/allocations for welfare of SCs at not less than 16.6% ought to be not leas than Rs 168398.83 crores, but only Rs 56618.50 crores (5.58% instead of 16.6%) has been provided; and
the outlay for TsP/allocations for welfare of STs at not less than 8.6% ought to be not less than Rs 87247.77 crores, but only Rs 39134.73 crores (3.86% instead of 8.6%) has been provided.
Compared to the requirements at 16.6% and 8.6% respectively, there is shortfall of Rs 111780.33 Crores in the outlay for SCP/allocations for welfare of SCs and of Rs 48108.04 Crores in the outlay for TsP/allocations for welfare of STs, as can be seen in the following Table:-
Shortfall in SCP/Allocation for SCs and TsP/Allocation for STs in Central Sector Schemes + Centrally Sponsored Schemes in Budget 2018-19
Total outlay for Central Sector Schemes + Centrally Sponsored Schemes (Rs Crores) Allocations ought to have been made at not less than 16.6% for SCP and not less than 8.6% for TsP (Rs Crores) Allocations made
(Rs Crores)
Shortfall
(Rs crores)
1014450.79 SCP Not less than 168398.83 (16.6%) 56618.50
(only 5.58%) 111780.33
TSP Not less than 87242.77 (8.6%) 39134.73
(only 3.86%) 48108.04
Even these provisions for SCP/TsP do not follow the correct methodology of including in SCP/TsP only outlays for schemes/programmes which exclusively benefit SC and ST individuals, families, households, habitations and institutions etc. and which will enable them to reach Equality as explained above and be liberated from their basic vulnerabilities, and instead is a result of arithmetical-statistical jugglery as in the past.
Print and electronic media, with their focus on matters like personal income tax and return of long-term capital gains, have ignored these vital aspects of the Budget pertaining to the SCs and STs; such stray and casual remarks as some of them have made are superficial and misleading.
My detailed Paper elaborating these points and also continuing neglect of Socially and Educationally Backward Classes will follow shortly.
[My comments are only about the aspects of the Budget as they directly concern SCs and STs and do not deal with other aspects of the Budget]
03. 02. 2018
P. S. Krishnan
P. S. Krishnan, IAS (Retd)
Former Secretary to Govt. of India
Ministry of Welfare;
Member, National Monitoring Committee for
Education of SCs, STs and Persons with Disabilities,
Government of India.
Formerly,
Member, National Commission for SCs and STs
Special Commissioner for SCs and STs
Member-Secretary, National Commission for Backward Classes
Member, Expert Committee on Backward Classes
Chairman, Dr. Ambedkar Foundation Research Cell
Member, Working Group for Sanitation and Leather Workers
Advisor, Ministry of Human Resources Development, Govt. of India
Advisor (BC Welfare) with Cabinet Minister Status to
Government of Andhra Pradesh
Advisor (BC Welfare) with Cabinet Minister Status to Government of Telangana
Chairman, Sub-Group on “Perspective Planning for Development of SCs” of the Planning Commission’s Working Group on SCs in the XII Plan;
Member, Planning Comm’s Working Group on Empowerment of Scheduled Castes in XII Plan;
Member, Planning Comm’s Steering Committee on Empowerment of SCs, BCs,
Nomadic & Semi-Nomadic Tribes and VJs in XII Plan.
................................


About two years ago, Ved Pratap Vaidik, the well-known writer-journalist had said publicly that Mohammed Ajmal Kasab, the only 26/11 terrorist captured alive, should have been tortured and hanged in a public square. That was on November 21, 2012. Today, the same RSS sympathizer, Vaidik, is in the news for attempting to bring about a "change of heart" in the man who masterminded Kasab's terror operation, Hafeez Saeed, by meeting him in Pakistan. Vaidik is known as a "philosopher" who is close to the self-styled yoga guru Baba Ramdev.
In June 2009, the special court which tried Kasab issued a non-bailable warrant against Hafeez Saeed, the chief of operations and the head of the Lashkar-e-Taiba accusing him of planning the attack on Mumbai and killing over 160 innocent people. The warrant is still pending. For years, the Pakistani authorities have refused to even recognize that Hafeez was propagating hatred against India and was also organizing terrorist groups. Hafeez had also said that there will be more terrorist attacks on India and his aim is to cut India into pieces.
Hafeez himself has always claimed that he is a social worker and an Islamic preacher. However, recently Hafeez, the head of the Lashkar-e-Taiba, was declared by the United States government as one of the most dreaded terrorists in the world; it even announced a $10 million award for his capture. Hafeez is an expert in changing the names of his terrorist groups to evade arrest and trial. But it is common knowledge that the Pakistani authorities, both political and military, always protect Hafeez and even use him for anti-India propaganda. He is also a fanatic campaigner for the "freedom of Kashmir."
Yet, the journalist cum self-declared track-2 negotiator with Pakistan, Vaidik thought that he would serve the patriotic and humanist cause of building confidence and friendship with the neighbour who has been at war with India since Independence.
The timing of making public the ill-famed meeting, which took place a fortnight ago, of the the terrorist with the yogi-disciple, is also intriguing. Almost immediately after Prime Minister Narendra Modi left for Brazil for the BRICS summit, the relaxed photo of the twosome appeared in the media, with the bizarre conversation that has embarrassed the NDA government to no end within just two months of coming to power.
The reported conversation makes it reasonably clear that Vaidik was acting on behalf of the Sangh Parivar, and most likely the BJP and NDA, notwithstanding their hypocritical denial. We have only Vaidik's version of the conversation. We have no idea as to what actually transpired between the two and whether Vaidik has given some kind of "veiled message" to Hafeez. We don't know whether Vaidik asked in his "friendly conversation" about how he recruited Kasab and his terrorist gang, how he runs the terrorist camps, how he manages to get support from the establishment of Pakistan.
The BJP denial about having blessed the meeting is absolutely not convincing, because it is well known that Baba Ramdev is not only close to Modi, but also a guru to a large number in the Parivar. Also Ajit Doval, the NSA boss and top intelligence man of the NDA government, is part of the Vivekanand Trust run by Ramdev. That raises doubt about the claim made by Vaidik that he was merely being a well-meaning journalist.
Vaidik, in fact, has given a clear enough indication that he was meeting Hafeez to persuade him to even welcome Modi, if not invite him. The BJP is red faced because during the UPA regime, their partymen had virtually taken the Parliament by storm and fire for even establishing a dialogue with Pakistan. The BJP and Shiv Sena protested when there was a proposal to hold a cricket match between the two countries. The debate in the House was stalled by noise and gheraos.
But we can just imagine how the BJP and the whole Parivar would have gone to town shouting and screaming if the government in Delhi was that of the UPA and Hafeez had met with someone close to the Congress. It is not a question of a journalist being free to interview or converse with anyone. Indeed, a journalist does enjoy considerable freedom. But clearly Vaidik was not exercising his journalistic right.
The meeting with Hafeez could not have been even arranged without the involvement of the ISI and the political establishment of Pakistan. That makes it a sinister track-2 approach of the NDA government. Hafeez has a clear agenda. He wants to overcome the American warrant on him and whitewash his sins. Vaidik has helped the most dreaded terrorist in the Indian subcontinent to enter into the dialogue between India and Pakistan. The NDA mirror has cracked and now there are multiple mutilated images.
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